The People

Burundi is one of Africa's most densely settled countries. In 1990 the population was 5,139,073, and the density was 478 persons per square mile (185 per km 2 )—about 6.8 times that of the United States. There are few cities. Bujumbura, the capital and largest city, had 235,440 residents.

The Hutu (or Bahutu), a Bantu people, make up about 85 per cent of the population. The Tutsi (or Watusi), a Nilotic people who are known for their great height, make up about 14 per cent. Most of the remaining population consists of the Twa (a pygmy group) and Europeans. Most of the people speak Kirundi; this tongue and French are the official languages. About 67 per cent of the population is Christian, mostly Roman Catholic. Most Burundians, including Christians, also adhere to animist beliefs.

Primary education begins at age seven and lasts six years. Secondary education consists of a four-year program followed by a three-year program. Most children do not attend school, however, and the illiteracy rate is about 50 per cent. The national university is in Bujumbura.