Government
New Mexico's State Capitol is in Santa Fe, which was founded as the capital of the Spanish province of New Mexico in the early 1600's. New Mexico became a state in 1912.New Mexico is governed under its 1911 constitution, adopted just before admission as a state in 1912. The legislature consists of the Senate of 42 members and the House of Representatives of 70. Senators are elected for four years, representatives for two. The legislature meets annually.
The state's elected officials include the governor, lieutenant governor, secretary of state, treasurer, attorney general, auditor, and commissioner of public lands. All are elected for four years and may hold office for any number of terms, but not for more than two terms in a row.
The judiciary consists of the Supreme Court of five justices, an appeals court, district courts, municipal courts, and justices of the peace.
New Mexico is divided into 33 counties. It is represented in the U.S. Congress by two senators and three representatives.
| Governors of New Mexico | |||
| Name | Party | Term | |
| William C. McDonald | Democratic | 1912-1917 | |
| Ezequiel C. de Baca | Democratic | 1917 | |
| Washington E. Lindsey | Republican | 1917-1919 | |
| Octaviano Ambrosio Larrazolo | Republican | 1919-1921 | |
| Merritt C. Mechem | Republican | 1921-1923 | |
| James F. Hinkle | Democratic | 1923-1925 | |
| Arthur T. Hannett | Democratic | 1925-1927 | |
| Richard C. Dillon | Republican | 1927-1931 | |
| Arthur Seligman | Democratic | 1931-1933 | |
| Andrew. W. Hockenhull | Republican | 1933-1935 | |
| Clyde Tingley | Democratic | 1935-1939 | |
| John E. Miles | Democratic | 1939-1943 | |
| John J. Dempsey | Democratic | 1943-1947 | |
| Thomas J. Mabry | Democratic | 1947-1951 | |
| Edwin L. Mechem | Republican | 1951-1955 | |
| John F. Simms | Democratic | 1955-1957 | |
| Edwin L. Mechem | Republican | 1957-1959 | |
| John Burroughs | Democratic | 1959-1961 | |
| Edwin L. Mechem | Republican | 1961-1963 | |
| Tom Bolack | Republican | 1962 | |
| Jack M. Campbell | Democratic | 1963-1967 | |
| David F. Cargo | Republican | 1967-1971 | |
| Bruce King | Democratic | 1971-1975 | |
| Jerry Apodaca | Democratic | 1975-1979 | |
| Bruce King | Democratic | 1979-1983 | |
| Toney Anaya | Democratic | 1983-1987 | |
| Garrey Carruthers | Republican | 1987-1991 | |
| Bruce King | Democratic | 1991-1995 | |
| Gary E. Johnson | Republican | 1995-2003 | |
| Bill Richardson | Democratic | 2003- | |

